Understanding compound hazards from a weather system perspective

Natural hazards such as extreme wind, rainfall and ocean waves can have severe impacts on built natural environments, contributing to the occurrence of disastrous events in some cases. These are often caused by weather systems cyclones, fronts thunderstorms. Previous studies typically examine one type hazard and/or system, with recent years starting focus compound hazards. Here we systematically (extreme precipitation, wind gusts, waves) from a system typology perspective. Cyclones identified automatically ERA-Interim reanalysis data, thunderstorm based lightning observations 2005 2015, defining study period. Relationships examined over this period between different types types, globally for seasons. Most individual most likely be associated front-only or cyclone front while tropics, strongly thunderstorm-only type. Despite being less frequent than double triple shows comparable importance many hazards, especially hazard. Individual case using event framework. It is intended that greater understanding cause them regions throughout world will help lead improved preparedness disaster risk reduction, given our rapidly changing world.